A complete guide to the causes of diabetes and ways to prevent it
Diabetes is a chronic disease that is caused by the body’s inability to consume glucose (glucose). The exact cause of the disease is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are part of it. Risk factors for diabetes include obesity and high cholesterol levels. Some of the causes of diabetes are discussed below.
Lack of insulin production
Causes of diabetes include insulin deficiency, which is primarily caused by type 2 diabetes. This happens when insulin-producing cells are damaged or destroyed and stop insulin production. Insulin is essential for the transfer of blood sugar to the body’s cells. Insulin deficiency caused by excessive sugar in the blood.
Insulin resistance
This is related to type 1 diabetes. This happens when insulin is naturally produced in the pancreas, but the body is still unable to transfer glucose to cells for fuel.
Initially, the pancreas provides more insulin to overcome the body’s resistance. Eventually, the cells “die”. At that time, the body reduces insulin production and keeps excess glucose in the blood. This is known as pre-diabetes. A person with diabetes has a higher blood sugar level than normal, but this is not enough to diagnose diabetes. Except for the tested cases, the person may not be aware of their symptoms because the symptoms are not obvious. Type 1 diabetes may also occur because insulin production continues to decline and resistance increases.
Genes and family history
Other causes of diabetes include genetics, which plays an important role in determining the likelihood of developing diabetes. Researchers do not fully understand the role of genetics in the development of diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association, statistics show that if your parents or siblings have diabetes, they are at increased risk of developing it.
Although the research is not conclusive, some ethnic groups appear to have high levels of diabetes. This includes:
- African-American
- Native Americans
- Asians
- Pacific Island
- Spanish Americans
Genetic conditions such as cystic fibrosis can lead to injury and more likely diabetes.
Monogenic forms of diabetes are caused by single-gene mutations. Exclusive forms of diabetes are rare, accounting for only about 5% to 7% of diabetes found in young people.
Gestational Diabetes
Another cause of diabetes is gestational diabetes, which a small percentage of pregnant women may experience. The hormones produced in the placenta are thought to be involved in the body’s insulin response. This results in insulin resistance and high blood glucose levels.
Women with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes during pregnancy. According to the Centers for Disease Control, Sourceontrol and Prevention (CDC), women with babies over 2 pounds are also at greater risk.
Age
According to Mayo Clinic, age increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Your risk increases after you are 5 years old. However, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in children, adolescents, and adults is significantly increased. Possible causes include weight loss, muscle loss, and weight gain as you age. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed at age 2.
Bad diet
Inadequate nutrition can help with type 2 diabetes, according to the American Diabetes Association. A high calorie, fat, and cholesterol diet increases your body’s insulin resistance.
Obesity
Another cause of diabetes is being overweight, which can lead to insulin resistance. Adipose tissue causes inflammation, which can lead to insulin resistance. But many overweight people never develop diabetes, and more research is needed on the link between obesity and diabetes.
No exercise
Exercise makes the muscle tissue respond better to insulin. Therefore, aerobic exercise and resistance training can reduce the risk of diabetes. Talk to your doctor about an exercise plan that is safe for you.
Hormonal conditions
Although rare, some hormonal conditions can also lead to diabetes. The following may sometimes cause insulin resistance:
- Cushing’s syndrome: Cushing’s syndrome raises cortisol, which is a stress hormone in your blood. This raises blood sugar levels and can lead to diabetes.
- Acromegaly: Acromegaly results are defined when the body causes excessive growth hormone. If left untreated, it can lead to overweight and diabetes.
Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland causes excessive production of thyroid hormone. Diabetes is one of the possible complications of this disease.
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
The pancreas is located in the back of the abdomen and back of the stomach and has two main functions: It secretes a fluid that helps the digestive system digest food. It releases a hormone called insulin. Insulin is a key hormone in the body that controls the flow of glucose (glucose) into and out of the cell.
causes of Type 2 diabetes:
Insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas
Resistance to insulin function in body cells and especially in muscle, fat and liver cells.
Type 2 diabetes is highly dependent on being overweight, but the underlying cause is not yet clear.
In the first few years of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, high levels of insulin continue to be produced by the pancreas and enter the bloodstream. But ultimately, insulin production declines.
For reasons that have not yet been discovered, the effect of insulin also has a disorder. This means that insulin loses its natural effect on cells. This is called insulin resistance.
Insulin resistance can cause the following effects:
High blood sugar
Disorders in blood lipid levels, and increase the risk of coronary artery occlusion (coronary heart disease) it raises blood pressure.
In type 2 diabetes, insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, such as type 1 diabetes, do not appear to be attacked by the immune system.
However, they cannot cope with the need to produce insulin after meals.
Naturally, the production of insulin causes the blood sugar to enter the body to be stored for future use, thus keeping the blood sugar level relatively constant.
But in type 2 diabetes, the response of the cells is not sufficient, and after eating, blood sugar levels rise. This lack of response from beta cells is called “beta-cell failure”.
How common is type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is far more common than type 1 diabetes. 90% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes.
People with type 2 diabetes are usually older than those with type 1 diabetes.
What are the Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes?
One of the major problems of people with type 2 diabetes is that their symptoms are so mild that they are not usually diagnosed.
This means that more than half of people with diabetes are diagnosed and diagnosed after months or even years of developing type 2 diabetes.
It also means that many diabetics with type 2 diabetes, when diagnosed with the disease, are found to have damaged eye tissue or have hardened arteries due to diabetes.
The main symptoms of type 2 diabetes are similar to those of type 1 diabetes and may include:
- Thirst
- Frequent urination
- Fatigue
- Sometimes a person may lose weight. Most people with type 2 diabetes are overweight.
- Pruritus especially around the genital area due to yeast infection (thrush)
- Frequent infections on the skin such as fungal or pimple infections
Things to look out for:
- If other people in your family have type 2 diabetes, you are at increased risk.
- If you are overweight, you can significantly increase your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Almost all people with type 2 diabetes are overweight. Waist measurement can be a good measure of your overweight.
- If you have high blood pressure or your blood fat is high.
- If you have a history of blood clots in one of your arteries or strokes.
- If you are taking certain medicines such as corticosteroids or diuretic drugs.
What Can I Do to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes?
- Try to maintain your normal weight.
- Exercise regularly.
- Check your weight and blood pressure regularly. If you are overweight, lose weight.
- Do your best to maintain your vascular and circulatory health. If you smoke, quit now.
- Control your blood cholesterol levels.
- Don’t overlook mild symptoms that may indicate high or low blood sugar levels.
- Learn how to measure your blood sugar level and do it regularly.
- If you need insulin injections, learn how to do it yourself.
- See your doctor regularly.
- See your doctor whenever you feel unwell.
Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes
Regular exercise can reduce the problem of insulin resistance.
If you take insulin, your daily dose of insulin may depend on how much you exercise. Taking too much insulin and exercise can lower blood levels and lead to hypoglycemia.
What are the possible complications of type 2 diabetes?
- Atherosclerosis (hardening of the veins) can lead to poor circulation in the legs, stroke and heart attack.
- Diabetic Nephropathy (Diabetic Kidney Disease).
- Diabetic retinopathy (diabetes-related eye disease).
- Diabetic neuropathy (neurodegeneration).
- Wounds and foot infections.
- Increased susceptibility to infections (e.g. urinary tract infections).
Long-term Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is usually controlled with a healthy diet and medications.
If you carefully monitor your blood sugar levels and follow your doctor’s instructions carefully, the risk of long-term complications can be greatly reduced.
As the disease progresses, many patients require insulin injections.
Since diabetes increases the likelihood of diseases such as stiffening of the arteries and heart disease, it is important that you do your best to reduce the risk of these diseases.
Today, blood pressure control and blood cholesterol levels are largely successful with medications and can reduce the long-term effects of the disease.
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